For clues about how AI will change work, look to the past想了解人工智能将如何改变工作,不妨回顾过去。
Economists hope earlier episodes of labour disruption, from the Industrial Revolution to the Great Depression, can help us prepare for the age of artificial intelligence.

Nearly a century later, a new generation of economists is trying to make sense of the consequences of another technology: AI. And while the jobs they are focused on are different – computer programmers instead of telephone operators, scriptwriters instead of movie musicians – many of the questions they are asking are the same. — Image by DC Studio on Magnific
In December 1931, economists gathered in Washington to discuss the threat that technology posed to American workers.
Switchboard operators were being rendered obsolete by the dial telephone. Movie-theatre musicians were superfluous in the age of “talkies”. Teamsters – men driving teams of horses – were losing their jobs to drivers of gasoline-powered trucks.
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近一个世纪后,新一代经济学家正试图理解另一项技术——人工智能——所带来的影响。尽管他们关注的职业有所不同——从电话接线员到计算机程序员,从电影配乐师到编剧——但他们提出的许多问题却如出一辙。——图片来自 DC Studio on Magnific
1931年12月,经济学家们齐聚华盛顿,讨论技术对美国工人构成的威胁。
拨号电话的出现使电话接线员过时了。有声电影时代,电影院的乐师也变得多余了。赶马车的工人——也就是驾驭马匹的工人——的工作也被汽油动力卡车的司机取代了。
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