Space Force reveals first 6 ‘operational’ contracts for civil reserve support in space monitoring太空部队公布首批6份“作战”合同,为太空监测领域的民用储备力量提供支持。
Space Systems Command officials said the contracts are an initial step for the Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve (CASR) initiative, and don't address the thornier issues of US rights to deny other customers service or reimbursement for satellites lost in a conflict.

NorthStar Earth and Space intends to put up to 30 satellites in Low Earth Orbit for monitoring satellites and space junk. (Image: North Star)
WASHINGTON — The Space Force has awarded what the service calls the first “operational” contracts under its still-nascent Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve (CASR) initiative to six space monitoring firms, Space Systems Command (SSC) announced.
The contracts are short term and designed to test military demand while the command’s Commercial Space Office (COMSO) continues to wrestle with thorny legal issues that have bedeviled the program from its launch in 2023 .
The six new contracts — issued to Australian firm EOS Space Systems, Canada’s NorthStar Earth and Space, InTrack Radar, Anduril (via its acquisition of ExoAnalytic), Slingshot Aerospace, and LeoLabs — are worth a total of $1.37 million, an SSC spokesperson told Breaking Defense.
CASR is the Space Force’s planned version of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) for leveraging commercial airlines to support military logistics operations when needed, managed by US Transportation Command (TRANSCOM). The concept is that commercial space firms could be called upon in wartime to surge delivery of satellite-derived capabilities.
According to SSC’s Thursday press release, the contracts were let through the “General Services Administration contract framework” used by the Joint Commercial Operations cell to buy commercial data and services. Industry sources who have received similar contracts from the JCO cell have said they tend to run for no more than six months.
The new contracts follow COMSO’s March 2025 award of $1.1 million in three-month pilot contracts to four unnamed companies, first reported by Breaking Defense. Those awards were designed to test out the contracting processes and the CASR framework agreement for interested firms, rather than provide operational data.
According to reports by Air & Space Forces Magazine and Space News , COMSO head Col. Tim Tremillo told reporters during the annual Space Industry Days conference held Oct. 19-22 in Los Angeles that the initial operational awards were meant to provide a short-term boost in space domain awareness data, with the idea that these initial contracts would allow the service to judge military demand. He also made it clear that he expects the CASR program to expand both to more companies and more mission areas.
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However, given the small dollar values and short contract duration of the new contracts, it is hard to see how companies will be enticed to join up, said Clayton Swope, deputy director of the Aerospace Security Project at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
“It will be hard for companies to build capacity and capability at scale for use during a crisis if they aren’t paid to do so today. Companies otherwise will not make investments for infrastructure that sits unused and idle, ready for on-demand use, if they are not compensated to build and also maintain that surge capability. Companies do not build extra capacity for sport—it costs money,” he told Breaking Defense today.
Meanwhile, COMSO has yet to develop contractual arrangements that deal with key legal and financial issues that are critical to enticing commercial space companies to join CASR.
The first issue revolves around when and if the US government will have the right to turn off a CASR partner’s services to other customers during a conflict ― a power often referred to as “ shutter control .” Companies worry that they could be accused of breach of contract by existing customers if that right were exercised by Washington, and that potential customers (particularly foreign governments) will be scared off.
The second outstanding issue is the question of whether the Pentagon will be willing to indemnify partner firms against financial losses whose satellites are damaged or destroyed during a conflict.
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北极星地球与空间公司计划将多达30颗卫星送入近地轨道,用于监测卫星和太空垃圾。(图片:北极星)
华盛顿——太空系统司令部 (SSC) 宣布,太空部队已根据其仍处于萌芽阶段的商业增强太空储备 (CASR) 计划,向六家太空监测公司授予了该军种所谓的首批“运营”合同。
这些合同是短期的,旨在测试军方需求,同时该司令部的商业航天办公室(COMSO)继续努力解决自 2023 年该计划启动以来一直困扰该计划的棘手法律问题。
据SSC发言人向Breaking Defense透露,这六份新合同——分别授予澳大利亚EOS Space Systems公司、加拿大NorthStar Earth and Space公司、InTrack Radar公司、Anduril公司(通过收购ExoAnalytic公司)、Slingshot Aerospace公司和LeoLabs公司——总价值为137万美元。
美国太空军计划建立民用后备航空队(CRAF),旨在利用商业航空公司在必要时支援军事后勤行动,该计划由美国运输司令部(TRANSCOM)管理。其理念是,在战时可以调用商业航天公司,迅速运送卫星衍生能力。
根据SSC周四发布的新闻稿,这些合同是通过联合商业运营小组(JCO)用于采购商业数据和服务的“总务管理局合同框架”签订的。曾从JCO获得过类似合同的业内人士表示,这些合同的期限通常不超过六个月。
继COMSO于2025年3月向四家未具名公司授予总额110万美元、为期三个月的试点合同(Breaking Defense网站率先报道)之后,又签订了新的合同。这些试点合同旨在测试合同流程和CASR框架协议,以检验相关公司的资质,而非提供实际运营数据。
据《空军与太空部队杂志》和《太空新闻》报道,美国空军作战司令部司令蒂姆·特雷米洛上校在10月19日至22日于洛杉矶举行的年度太空产业日会议上告诉记者,首批作战合同旨在短期内提升太空领域感知数据,其目的是通过这些初始合同来评估军事需求。他还明确表示,他希望CASR项目能够扩展到更多公司和更多任务领域。
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然而,鉴于新合同的金额较小且合同期限较短,很难看出如何才能吸引公司加入,战略与国际研究中心航空航天安全项目副主任克莱顿·斯沃普表示。
“如果企业今天得不到相应的报酬,它们就很难大规模地建立起应对危机所需的产能和能力。否则,如果企业没有获得建设和维护这种应急能力的补偿,它们就不会投资建设那些闲置的、随时可以投入使用的基础设施。企业不会为了体育赛事而建设额外的设施——这需要资金,”他今天告诉《防务新闻》。
与此同时,COMSO 尚未制定合同安排来处理对吸引商业航天公司加入 CASR 至关重要的关键法律和财务问题。
第一个问题在于,美国政府在冲突期间是否有权以及何时有权切断CASR合作伙伴向其他客户提供的服务——这种权力通常被称为“封锁控制”。各公司担心,如果华盛顿行使这项权力,现有客户可能会指控他们违约,而潜在客户(尤其是外国政府)也会因此望而却步。
第二个悬而未决的问题是,五角大楼是否愿意赔偿在冲突中卫星受损或被摧毁的合作伙伴公司的经济损失。
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