Iran’s president to address UN as Trump mixes threats and diplomacy

• US-Iran diplomacy: Iran’s leadership has warned the US against any fresh attacks after President Donald Trump said in his speech to the UN General Assembly that he faced a decision between annihilating the country or making a deal. His special envoy Steve Witkoff said US and Iranian delegations held lengthy talks on the sidelines through mediators.

• Who we’re watching: Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian will be among the world leaders addressing UNGA today, followed by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, who said he was ready for trilateral talks with Russia and US to end the war in Ukraine.

• Eyes on Venezuela: Rodríguez will address the UNGA over eight months after the US captured her predecessor, Nicolás Maduro, who is currently being held in a Brooklyn detention center just miles away. Trump met with her last night as Washington maintains political pressure on her country to enact reforms.

A look at the role UNGA has played in global events

All eyes are on New York this week as world leaders gather for a high-level meeting of the UN General Assembly, the organization’s main policymaking body, where all its member states are represented.

Historically, the assembly has passed some landmark resolutions but its impact has lessened in recent years.

In 1948, member states adopted both the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Genocide Convention, providing the basis for modern international human rights law.

Later, in 1956, the assembly established the first ever UN peacekeeping force during the Suez Canal Crisis to supervise the withdrawal of French, British and Israeli troops from Egypt.

The assembly also approved the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) in 1968, which aimed to stop more countries developing nuclear weapons.

Almost every country joined except Israel, India and Pakistan, while North Korea withdrew from the treaty in 2003, displaying the UN’s limited ability to compel countries to stick to its resolutions. And in 1996, UNGA adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, helping to almost completely curb the practice.

More recently, however, its resolutions have become less concrete in nature. The assembly endorsed the Responsibility to Protect doctrine in 2005 and established the Human Rights Council in 2006.

In 2015 it adopted the Sustainable Development Goals seeking to end poverty, turbocharge climate action and reduce inequality, but progress has been slow in some areas and non-existent in others.

Iran's president to address UN General Assembly as indirect talks happen on sidelines

President of Iran/Wana News Agency/Reuters

Welcome back to our coverage.

Today at the UN General Assembly, we’re expecting a big speech from Iran’s President Masoud Pezeshkian, the day after US President Donald Trump threatened to “annihilate” the country as he weighed his “big decision” of whether to strike a deal with Tehran.

Shortly after Trump’s remarks, his special envoy Steve Witkoff said US and Iranian delegations engaged in “lengthy” indirect talks via mediators throughout the day on the sidelines of the summit.

They discussed reopening the Strait of Hormuz as well as Iran’s demands to lift the US naval blockade, release frozen assets and an end to the war on all “resistance fronts,” Iranian state broadcaster IRIB reported. Trump added that there is another meeting “scheduled in the very near future,” without specifying any details.

Pezeshkian will be the fifth speaker in the morning session, before Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky and acting Venezuelan President Delcy Rodríguez will also speak later today.

With so many world leaders and top diplomats in one place for this meeting, diplomacy happens on and off the stage. Zelensky spoke with Trump yesterday in what he characterized as a “positive and productive meeting,” in which they discussed “a winter package of air defense for Ukraine.”

Rodríguez too met with Trump for the first time since the US ousted her predecessor Nicolás Maduro in January. She said they discussed “advancing a cooperation agenda in strategic areas such as energy, mining, and security.”

Elsewhere today, Prince Harry is appearing on a panel at the Clinton Global Initiatve – an event on the sidelines of the assembly – and the UN Security Council will meet this afternoon to discuss artificial intelligence.

CNN’s Kit Maher, Mitchell McCluskey, Eyad Kourdi and Daria Tarasova-Markina contributed reporting.

• 美伊外交：美国总统特朗普在联合国大会上发表讲话，称他面临着要么彻底摧毁伊朗，要么达成协议的抉择。此后，伊朗领导层警告美国不要发动任何新的袭击。特朗普的特使史蒂夫·威特科夫表示，美伊代表团在调解人的斡旋下，于会外举行了长时间的会谈。

• 我们正在关注：伊朗总统马苏德·佩泽什基扬将作为世界领导人之一在今天向联合国大会发表讲话，随后是乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基，他表示已准备好与俄罗斯和美国举行三方会谈，以结束乌克兰战争。

• 关注委内瑞拉：罗德里格斯将在联合国大会上发表讲话，距离美国逮捕她的前任尼古拉斯·马杜罗已过去八个多月。马杜罗目前被关押在距离她所在地仅数英里的布鲁克林拘留中心。昨晚，特朗普会见了她，华盛顿方面持续向委内瑞拉施加政治压力，要求其进行改革。

联合国大会在全球事件中扮演的角色概览

本周，全世界的目光都聚焦在纽约，世界各国领导人将齐聚一堂，参加联合国大会高级别会议。联合国大会是该组织的主要决策机构，所有成员国均派代表出席。

从历史上看，该大会通过了一些具有里程碑意义的决议，但近年来其影响力有所减弱。

1948年，成员国通过了《世界人权宣言》和《防止及惩治灭绝种族罪公约》，为现代国际人权法奠定了基础。

后来，在 1956 年，大会成立了有史以来第一支联合国维和部队，以应对苏伊士运河危机，监督法国、英国和以色列军队从埃及撤出。

1968 年，大会还批准了《不扩散核武器条约》（NPT），该条约旨在阻止更多国家发展核武器。

除以色列、印度和巴基斯坦外，几乎所有国家都加入了该条约，而朝鲜于2003年退出了该条约，这表明联合国在强制各国遵守其决议方面能力有限。1996年，联合国大会通过了《全面禁止核试验条约》，该条约几乎完全遏制了核试验行为。

然而，近年来，其决议的性质变得不那么具体。大会于2005年通过了“保护责任”原则，并于2006年设立了人权理事会。

2015年，联合国通过了可持续发展目标，旨在消除贫困、加快气候行动和减少不平等，但在某些领域进展缓慢，在另一些领域则毫无进展。

伊朗总统将在联合国大会上发表讲话，与此同时，双方将在会外进行间接会谈。

伊朗总统/瓦纳通讯社/路透社

欢迎回到我们的报道。

今天，在联合国大会上，我们期待伊朗总统马苏德·佩泽什基安发表重要讲话。就在前一天，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普威胁要“摧毁”伊朗，因为他正在权衡是否与德黑兰达成协议这一“重大决定”。

特朗普发表讲话后不久，他的特使史蒂夫·威特科夫表示，美国和伊朗代表团在峰会期间通过调解人进行了“长时间的”间接会谈。

据伊朗国家电视台IRIB报道，双方讨论了重新开放霍尔木兹海峡以及伊朗提出的解除美国海上封锁、解冻资产和结束所有“抵抗战线”战争的要求。特朗普补充说，双方“近期”还将举行另一次会晤，但未透露任何细节。

佩泽什基安将是上午会议的第五位发言人，之后乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基和委内瑞拉代理总统德尔西·罗德里格斯也将在今天晚些时候发表讲话。

众多世界领导人和高级外交官齐聚一堂参加此次会议，外交活动不仅在会场内进行，也在会场外展开。泽连斯基昨天与特朗普通了电话，他称这是一次“积极且富有成效的会晤”，双方讨论了“乌克兰冬季防空方案”。

罗德里格斯也与特朗普会面，这是自美国1月份推翻她的前任尼古拉斯·马杜罗以来，两人首次会面。她说，他们讨论了“在能源、矿业和安全等战略领域推进合作议程”。

今天，哈里王子还将出席克林顿全球倡议的一个小组讨论会——该活动是大会期间的一项活动——联合国安理会将于今天下午召开会议，讨论人工智能问题。

CNN 的 Kit Maher、Mitchell McCluskey、Eyad Kourdi 和 Daria Tarasova-Markina 对此报道亦有贡献。