Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 27, 2026俄罗斯攻势评估,2026年9月27日
Putin's new theory of victory relies on long-range combined missile and drone strikes to force Ukraine to capitulate over Winter 2026-2027.

A prominent Kremlin-affiliated milblogger is embracing Russian President Vladimir Putin’s new theory of victory that relies on expansive long-range combined ballistic missile and jet-powered drone strikes against Ukraine to force Ukraine to capitulate over Winter 2026-2027. [1] The milblogger acknowledged that the frontline is “static” — a tacit acknowledgement of Russia’s near-zero net battlefield advances in recent months — and called on Russia to intensify and expedite its strike campaign against Ukraine while resources are plentiful. The milblogger warned against relying on the assumption that Russia can sustain its strike indefinitely and incrementally increase its pressure on Ukraine. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky stated on September 26 that Russia plans to spend $12 billion on the production of jet-powered drones and loitering munitions.[2] Putin may be reevaluating his theory of victory that had previously relied on the assumption that the Russian military could continue advancing indefinitely until it achieved its goals or Ukraine surrendered in favor of relying on a Russian long-range strike campaign because of Ukraine’s 2026 battlefield successes.[3]
Putin’s modified theory of victory heavily relies on Russia’s ability to launch cheap jet-powered Geran-type drones at scale and with relatively high penetration rates – requirements that Ukraine’s interceptor program is aimed at attacking. The prominent Kremlin-affiliated Russian milblogger claimed on September 27 that Russian forces launched mostly jet-powered Geran-5 drones against Odesa, Mykolaiv, and Kyiv cities on the night of September 26 to 27 and that Russia’s diverse strike arsenal and Ukraine’s air defense shortages allow Russian forces to maintain the current pace of strikes and expand their target types.[4] The milblogger stated that the current Russian strike strategy imposes significant economic costs on Ukraine but warned that the cost of sustaining the strike campaign could exceed the campaign’s immediate effects if continued over the long term.[5] Russian forces began intensifying their use of jet-powered drones in late April 2026.[6] Zelensky stated on September 26 that Ukraine’s interception rate of jet-powered Shahed drones is now 55 percent, as Ukrainian air defenses intercepted more than 1,500 such drones out of 2,730 that Russia launched in September 2026 thus far.[7] Ukrainian Presidential Office Head Kyrylo Budanov stated on September 27 that Ukraine is testing prototypes of interceptor drones in combat conditions and that Ukraine’s mass use of interceptor drones capable of downing jet-powered Gerans may begin within a few months.[8] Ukrainian companies have already successfully field-tested several interceptor drones that can intercept Russian jet-powered drones.[9] It remains unclear if Ukraine’s interceptor program can be scaled up and successful in time to disrupt the intensifying Russian campaign over the winter.
Putin likely does not envision Russia’s long-range strike campaign against Ukraine to last indefinitely as he is likely attempting to force Ukraine to capitulate before Spring 2027. The milblogger noted on September 27 that a Russian strategy of heavily relying on long-range strikes is expensive and cannot last indefinitely, especially given that Ukrainian forces are also escalating their strikes against Russia.[10] The ongoing Russian strike campaign relies on Ukraine’s inability to intercept Russian jet-powered drones, paired with its shortage of Patriot interceptors to defend against ballistic missiles in Winter 2026-2027, and assumes that Ukraine’s energy and other critical infrastructure will not be able to withstand Russian strikes over the next few months. Putin stated on September 25 that Ukraine “must feel” Russia’s “retaliatory” strikes, suggesting that he intends to escalate his campaign into winter, which he has done in previous winters.[11] Putin may not be considering the long-term costs of the Russian strike campaign if he expects that Ukraine will crumble and surrender this winter. Putin remains unlikely to compromise his demands or engage in serious ceasefire negotiations until his new theory has run its course.[12]
The prominent Kremlin-affiliated milblogger also claimed on September 27 that expanding Russia’s strike arsenal is cheaper than conducting a second mobilization from economic, military, and social perspectives.[13] Putin may seek to delay ordering a large-scale involuntary mobilization, for which his officials have been setting conditions despite Kremlin denials, until he has seen whether his long-range strike campaign is sufficient to achieve his aims.[14] Demand for replacements for enormous Russian losses on the frontlines, however, may push him to order such a mobilization this fall, as Ukrainian and other sources have frequently reported that he has been preparing to do.[15]
Russian forces appear to be actively interfering with Ukrainian efforts to provide food to residents of occupied Oleshky, Kherson Oblast (southeast of Kherson City and on the left bank of the Dnipro River), threatening to prolong and intensify an already dire humanitarian crisis. Ukrainian Foreign Minister Andriy Sybiha reported on September 25 that residents in occupied Oleshky, Kherson Oblast, have no food and must eat grass and weeds due to Russian negligence and refusal to provide humanitarian aid per its obligations under international humanitarian law.[16] Russian occupation authorities stopped delivering food and supplies to occupied Oleshky in late December 2025, and in Spring 2026, Russian occupation authorities left Oleshky, effectively removing themselves from the humanitarian crisis.[17] Ukrainian Kherson Oblast Military Administration Head Oleksandr Prokudin reported on September 26 that Ukrainian forces have been delivering food to occupied Oleshky since March 2026 and recently conducted an operation using drones to drop 4,000 kilograms of food to 100 designated locations in Oleshky.[18] Prokudin noted that Russian forces intentionally shot down the drones carrying these provisions to prevent residents from obtaining the food or to enable Russian soldiers to take the food for themselves. Russia’s chronic mismanagement, deliberate disruption of humanitarian aid and evacuation efforts, and denial of its responsibilities under international law have led to a prolonged and now increasingly dire humanitarian crisis.[19] The Kremlin has so far shown no interest in working with Ukraine or other international authorities to establish a local humanitarian ceasefire in the Oleshky area to resolve the crisis and now appears to be actively hindering Ukrainian efforts to provide food to local residents.[20] Russia continues to demonstrate that its relationship with occupied Ukraine is extractive, brutal, and self-serving as Russia’s war restricts consumer logistics routes and limits the goods and services available to occupied Ukrainians.[21]
An unidentified aerial object that was likely a Russian drone entered Romanian airspace on the night of September 26 to 27, as Russia continues to normalize its violations of European airspace. The Romanian Ministry of National Defense reported on September 27 that Romanian radar systems detected an unknown aerial vehicle flying near Chilia Veche, Romania, on Romania’s river border with Ukraine on the evening of September 26.[22] The Romanian Ministry of National Defense reported that the drone entered Romanian airspace near Chilia Veche and flew parallel to the Chilia branch of the Danube Delta before Romania lost the aerial vehicle’s signal near Pardina. Two Spanish F-18 fighter jets and a Romanian IAR-330 SOCAT helicopter scrambled to monitor the aerial vehicle. Romanian authorities have not publicly attributed the incursion to Russia, but the incident is likely part of the Kremlin’s continued efforts to normalize European airspace violations.[23]
European security officials continue to investigate incidents of sabotage, some already attributed to Russia, against European defense and logistical infrastructure. German newswire FAZ reported on September 25 that it obtained information from German security officials that German investigators suspect the Russian General Staff’s Main Directorate (GRU) of using incendiary devices to attack the headquarters of technology and defense companies Rohde & Schwarz and Helsing in Munich, Germany, on September 3.[24] FAZ reported that Helsing supplies the Ukrainian military, that the GRU team was operating out of Slovakia, and that authorities recently thwarted a suspected GRU sabotage attempt in Slovakia. The German security services also reportedly assess that the GRU’s purported Head of Sabotage Operations, Denis Smolyaninov, is likely responsible for the attacks on Leipzig Airport on August 5, an incident that German authorities have publicly attributed to Russia.[25] The German security sources indicated that the GRU is using teams of specialists for sabotage attacks in Europe and organizes the teams on a per-mission basis. The security sources reported that the GRU has further developed its infamous Unit 29155 to become more professional and established the Department for Special Tasks to oversee operations.
Danish South Zealand and Lolland-Falser Police District Chief Kim Skov stated on September 26 that Danish police are investigating an attempted arson attack against the wing of a plane at Lolland-Falster Airport but have not yet linked the incident to Russia.[26] Both the German and Danish incidents fall within Russia’s wider pattern of sabotaging European defense and logistical infrastructure in order to interdict Europe’s will and ability to provide aid to Ukraine.[27]
A prominent Kremlin-affiliated milblogger is embracing Russian President Vladimir Putin’s new theory of victory that relies on expansive long-range combined ballistic missile and jet-powered drone strikes against Ukraine to force Ukraine to capitulate over Winter 2026-2027.
Putin’s modified theory of victory heavily relies on Russia’s ability to launch cheap jet-powered Geran-type drones at scale and with relatively high penetration rates – requirements that Ukraine’s interceptor program is aimed at attacking.
Putin likely does not envision Russia’s long-range strike campaign against Ukraine to last indefinitely as he is likely attempting to force Ukraine to capitulate before Spring 2027.
Russian forces appear to be actively interfering with Ukrainian efforts to provide food to residents of occupied Oleshky, Kherson Oblast (southeast of Kherson City and on the left bank of the Dnipro River), threatening to prolong and intensify an already dire humanitarian crisis.
An unidentified aerial object that was likely a Russian drone entered Romanian airspace on the night of September 26 to 27, as Russia continues to normalize its violations of European airspace.
European security officials continue to investigate incidents of sabotage, some already attributed to Russia, against European defense and logistical infrastructure.
Ukrainian strikes against Russian oil infrastructure continue to restrain Russia’s oil processing capacity. Russia launched 170 drones against Ukraine overnight.
Ukrainian forces recently advanced in the Chasiv Yar tactical area and the Oleksandrivka direction.
We do not report in detail on Russian war crimes because these activities are well-covered in Western media and do not directly affect the military operations we are assessing and forecasting. We will continue to evaluate and report on the effects of these criminal activities on the Ukrainian military and the Ukrainian population and specifically on combat in Ukrainian urban areas. We utterly condemn Russian violations of the laws of armed conflict and the Geneva Conventions and crimes against humanity even though we do not describe them in these reports.
Ukrainian Operations in the Russian Federation
An open-source channel provided updated battlefield damage assessments (BDA) of recent Ukrainian strikes in Rostov Oblast. A Ukrainian open-source intelligence (OSINT) source published satellite imagery on September 27 showing damage to multiple buildings at the Azov Optical-Mechanical Plant in Azov, Rostov Oblast (roughly 200 kilometers from the frontline) after Ukrainian strikes against the facility on September 25 or the night of September 25-26.[28] The OSINT source stated that the imagery indicates Ukrainian strikes damaged at least five production shops across six buildings, including the plant’s foundry, optics production, assembly, electroplating, and mechanical processing shops.
Ukrainian strikes against Russian oil infrastructure continue to constrain Russia’s oil processing capacity. Ukrainian Center for Countering Disinformation Head Lieutenant Andriy Kovalenko reported on September 26 that recent Ukrainian strikes against the Perm and Novoshakhtynsk oil refineries, likely referring to Ukrainian strikes from September 25 and 26, caused both refineries to cease operations.[29]
Russian Supporting Effort: Northern Axis
Russian forces advanced in northern Sumy Oblast. Russian forces advanced in eastern Novodmytrivka (southeast of Sumy City) based on geolocated footage published on August 19.[30]
Russian Supporting Effort: Kharkiv Oblast
Russian forces continued offensive operations in northern Kharkiv Oblast on September 26 and 27 but did not make confirmed advances. [31] The Russian Ministry of Defense (MoD) claimed on September 27 that Russian forces seized Khrypuny (northeast of Kharkiv City).[32] The Russian Northern Grouping of Forces credited elements of the Russian 126th Motorized Rifle Regiment (71st Guards Motorized Rifle Division, 14th Army Corps [AC], Leningrad Military District [LMD]) with the claimed seizure of Khrypuny.[33]
The Russian MoD continues to present false evidence to make claims of advance. The Russian MoD published footage on September 26 to make claims that Russian forces seized Petropavlivka (northeast of Kharkiv City and south of Vovchansk) and Lozova (east of Petropavlivka and northwest of Velykyi Burluk).[34] The Russian MoD previously published the same footage on September 21 to make claims that Russian forces had seized Novooleksandrivka (east of Petropavlivka and southwest of Lozova).[35]
Ukrainian forces continued their frontline strike campaign against Russian military targets in Russia’s border regions. Ukrainian forces struck a reported Russian 128th Motorized Rifle Brigade (44th AC, LMD) logistics hub, ammunition depot, and drone operator post in Novaya Tavolzhanka, Belgorod Oblast (roughly six kilometers from the frontline), according to geolocated footage published on September 27.[36]
Neither Russian nor Ukrainian sources reported ground activity in the Velykyi Burluk direction on September 27.
Russian Supporting Effort: Oskil River
Ukrainian forces recently either advanced or maintained positions southeast of Kupyansk. Russian forces shelled Ukrainian positions east of Hlushkivka and Novoosynove (both southeast of Kupyansk) – in areas where Russian sources previously claimed that Russian forces maintain positions – according to geolocated footage published on September 25.[37] A source reporting on the Russian Western Grouping of Forces claimed on September 27 that a high volume of Ukrainian drones is complicating Russian offensive operations and logistics in the Kupyansk direction.[38]
Russian forces continued limited offensive operations in the Borova direction on September 27 but did not advance.[39]
Ukrainian forces continued their intermediate-range strike campaign against Russian military assets in occupied Luhansk Oblast. The Ukrainian General Staff reported on September 27 that Ukrainian forces struck Russian ammunition depots in Kripenskyi and Luhansk City (both roughly 105 kilometers from the frontline) and a fuel and lubricants depot in Rovenky (roughly 125 kilometers from the frontline) on September 26 or overnight September 26 to 27.[40]
Russian Main Effort: Capture Ukraine’s Fortress Belt and complete the seizure of Donetsk Oblast
Russian Subordinate Main Effort #1 – Encircle the Fortress Belt from the northwest
Ukrainian forces continued counterattacks in the Lyman tactical effort, as Russian forces continue efforts to stymie Ukrainian advances and conduct a fighting withdrawal across the Zherebets River.[41] A source reporting on the Russian Western Grouping of Forces stated that Russian forces are struggling to conduct a fighting withdrawal across the Zherebets River while simultaneously attempting to hold positions on the west (right) bank of the river.[42] The source stated that Russian forces hold isolated positions near Ivanivka and Zarichne (both northeast of Lyman).
Russian Subordinate Main Effort #2 – Advance on the Fortress Belt from the east
Ukrainian forces recently advanced or maintained positions east and southeast of Slovyansk. Russian forces struck Ukrainian positions south and east of Yurkivka (southeast of Slovyansk) in areas where Russian forces previously conducted infiltration missions, according to geolocated footage published on September 26.[43] Russian forces also struck Ukrainian positions east of Mykolaivka (east of Slovyansk) in areas where Russian sources previously claimed that Russian forces maintained positions, according to geolocated footage published on September 26.[44]
Ukrainian forces recently advanced in southwestern Chasiv Yar, as Russian forces recently conducted an infiltration mission in the area. Russian forces struck a Ukrainian position in southwestern Chasiv Yar, according to geolocated footage published on September 24, indicating that Ukrainian forces recently advanced in the area.[45] Russian forces also struck a Ukrainian position in central Virolyubivka (northwest of Chasiv Yar) in areas where Russian sources previously claimed that Russian forces maintained positions, according to geolocated footage published on September 24.[46] The presence of Ukrainian forces in Virolyubivka and Chasiv Yar indicates that Russian forces do not maintain positions in Podilske and Mykolaivka (both west of Chasiv Yar and southeast of Virolyubivka). Ukrainian forces struck a Russian position between western Mykolaivka and Chasiv Yar, according to geolocated footage published on September 26, after what ISW assesses was a marginal Russian infiltration mission.[47]
Russian Subordinate Main Effort #3 – Advance on the Fortress Belt from the south
Russian forces recently conducted an infiltration mission in eastern Kostyantynivka. Ukrainian forces cleared a Russian-occupied building in eastern Kostyantynivka, according to geolocated footage published on September 27, after what ISW assesses was a Russian infiltration mission.[48]
Russian Subordinate Main Effort #4 – Encircle the Fortress Belt from the southwest
Ukrainian forces reportedly conducted a limited clearing operation likely south of Dobropillya as Russian forces continued infiltration missions in the Dobropillya tactical area. The Ukrainian Navy reported on September 26 that Ukrainian marines cleared Russian infiltrators from about five square kilometers of territory in the Pokrovsk (south of Dobropillya) direction during an unspecified timeframe.[49] Russian forces have likely infiltrated along the T-0515 highway north of Bilytske (southeast of Dobropillya), based on geolocated footage published on September 27.[50]
Ukrainian forces continue to target Russian long-range drone and logistics infrastructure in occupied Donetsk Oblast in their intermediate range strike campaign. The Ukrainian General Staff reported on September 27 that Ukrainian forces struck a storage, preparation, and launch site for Russian strike drones in occupied Donetsk City (roughly 45 kilometers from the frontline) and a fuel and lubricants depot in occupied Novoamvrosiivske (roughly 92 kilometers from the frontline) on September 26 or overnight on September 26 to 27.[51]
Russian Supporting Effort: Advance into Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Russian forces continued limited offensive operations in the Novopavlivka direction on September 26 and 27 but did not advance. [52]
Ukrainian forces recently advanced east of Oleksandrivka. Russian milbloggers acknowledged on September 26 that Ukrainian forces liberated Perebudova (east of Oleksandrivka) and that Ukrainian forces entered Komar (east of Oleksandrivka) and are contesting Russian control over the settlement.[53] Russian milbloggers claimed that Ukrainian forces are attempting to penetrate several portions of the frontline in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, and that Russian forces are having the most difficulty advancing along the Piddubne-Myrne-Komar line (east of Oleksandrivka).[54]
Ukrainian forces recently struck Russian military assets in the Russian rear in the Oleksandrivka direction. A Ukrainian drone unit reported on September 27 that Ukrainian forces struck and destroyed three Russian tanks hidden 65 kilometers from the frontline in the Oleksandrivka direction.[55] The unit noted that Russian forces dug the tanks into the ground and built shelters above to protect the tanks, but that Ukrainian forces successfully identified and destroyed the targets.
Russian Supporting Effort: Southern Axis
Russian forces continued offensive operations in the Hulyaipole direction and in western Zaporizhia Oblast on September 26 and 27 but did not advance. [56]
Russian forces continued to target civilian infrastructure in Zaporizhzhia City. Russian forces struck a hospital in eastern Zaporizhzhia City, according to geolocated footage published on September 26.[57]
Neither Russian nor Ukrainian forces reported ground activity in the Kherson direction on September 27.
Russian forces continue using “human safari” tactics, purposefully hunting civilians in Kherson City. Russian forces struck a woman and two other civilians in southern Kherson City using drone-dropped munitions, according to geolocated footage published on September 26 and 27.[58]
See topline text for reports on the situation in occupied Oleshky.
Russian Air, Missile, and Drone Campaign
Note: The Ukrainian military ceased regularly reporting the numbers of Russian missiles fired and the number of missiles intercepted as of August 11. [59]
See topline text for Russia’s usage of jet-powered Shahed drones in its long-range strike campaign.
Russian forces conducted a series of drone strikes against Ukraine overnight on September 26 to 27. The Ukrainian Air Force reported that Russian forces launched 170 Shahed- (including 76 jet-powered) and Gerbera-type strike drones and Parodiya-type decoy drones from the directions of Oryol and Kursk cities; Primorsko-Akhtarsk, Krasnodar Krai; Shatalovo, Smolensk Oblast; occupied Donetsk City; and occupied Hvardiiske, Crimea.[60] The Ukrainian Air Force reported that Ukrainian forces downed 147 drones, that an unspecified number of aerial vehicles struck 18 locations, and that debris fell on eight locations. Ukrainian officials reported that Russian forces struck logistical, civilian, critical, industrial, energy, and medical infrastructure in Odesa, Kharkiv, Sumy, Mykolaiv, Poltava, Zhytomyr, Zaporizhia, and Kyiv oblasts.[61]
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky reported on September 27 that Russian forces launched over 2,200 long-range strike drones, 1,650 glide bombs, and 38 missiles (most of which were ballistic) against Ukraine in the past week (since about September 20).[62] Ukrainian Presidential Office Head Kyrylo Budanov stated that Ukraine is interested in expanding the coverage of Starlink and Starshield to augment its counter-ballistic capabilities, as the current amount of coverage is insufficient during the global Patriot interceptor shortage.[63]
Russian forces are targeting Ukrainian drone manufacturers with ballistic missiles. Ukrainian drone manufacturer Pegasus ARMS reported on September 26 that Russian ballistic missile strikes on the night of September 23 to 24 significantly damaged its drone production workshop, forcing Pegasus ARMS to indefinitely suspend production.[64] Pegasus ARMS noted that Russian strikes on September 2 damaged the workshop it had previously been using, also forcing the manufacturer to suspend production and move to a new production site.
Ukrainian Presidential Advisor on Defense Technologies Serhiy “Flash” Beskrestnov warned on September 27 that Russian jet-powered Shahed drones occasionally turn off their engines and glide before striking their targets. [65] Beskrestnov noted that it is unclear if the gliding is a deliberate strike tactic or if the gliding drones are a technical failure.
Significant Activity in Belarus
Nothing significant to report.
Note: ISW does not receive any classified material from any source, uses only publicly available information, and draws extensively on Russian, Ukrainian, and Western reporting and social media as well as commercially available satellite imagery and other geospatial data as the basis for these reports. References to all sources used are provided in the endnotes of each update.
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https://t.me/grvZapad/19900; https://t.me/voenkorKotenok/75630 [42] https://t.me/grvZapad/19900 [43] https://t.me/omsbr_88_official/608 ; https://x.com/ne_kotletka/status/2103915875782775207; https://x.com/meowqai/status/2103930459428413569 [44] https://t.me/specnazahmat/2407 ; https://x.com/ZoamSc2/status/2103985174296002720 [45] https://x.com/AudaxonX/status/2103869783988965797; https://t.me/frontline_pvt/22879 [46] https://x.com/AudaxonX/status/2103869787033993702; https://t.me/frontline_pvt/22876 ; https://x.com/AudaxonX/status/2103869783988965797; https://t.me/frontline_pvt/22879 [47] https://t.me/creamy_caprice/13056 ; https://t.me/talion_army/355 [48] https://x.com/Bielitzling/status/2104187394685542528 ; https://t.me/ab49ks/956 [49] https://www.facebook.com/reel/1760467398562149 [50] https://x.com/meowqai/status/2104164727249383494; https://t.me/robert_magyar/2852 [51] https://t.me/GeneralStaffZSU/42388 [52] https://t.me/GeneralStaffZSU/42383 ; https://t.me/GeneralStaffZSU/42387 [53] https://t.me/zovpobedy/19060 ; https://t.me/dva_majors/99606 [54] https://vk dot ru/wall-211956454_7766?w=wall-211956454_7766 ; https://t.me/ags_chat123/1411286 ; https://t.me/Ags_Donbass/413830 ; https://t.me/zovpobedy/19060 ; https://t.me/dva_majors/99606 [55] https://www.facebook.com/share/v/1DnarmbCNe/ ; https://armyinform dot com.ua/2026/09/27/sami-vyryly-sobi-mogylu-okupanty-zakopaly-try-tanky-za-65-km-vid-frontu-lasars-group-distaly-yih-i-tam/ [56]https://t.me/GeneralStaffZSU/42383 ; https://t.me/GeneralStaffZSU/42387 ; https://t.me/wargonzo/37221 ; https://t.me/wargonzo/37237 ; [57] https://x.com/giK1893/status/2103975199896940820 ; https://t.me/five_redakcia/109899 ; https://t.me/five_redakcia/109901 [58] https://x.com/giK1893/status/2103956388171186656 ; https://t.me/zona_Red/1728 ; https://x.com/99Dominik_/status/2104114719640457291 ; https://t.me/osvedomitell_alex/38072 [59] https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-08-11/ukraine-stops-reporting-russia-missile-data-as-defenses-struggle?srnd=homepage-americas; https://understandingwar.org/research/russia-ukraine/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-august-11-2026/ [60] https://t.me/kpszsu/80510 [61]https://t.me/V_Zelenskiy_official/21097 ; https://t.me/dsns_telegram/75880 ; https://t.me/vitaliy_klitschko/7649 ; https://t.me/vitaliy_klitschko/7647 ; https://t.me/vitaliy_klitschko/7652 ; https://t.me/vitaliy_klitschko/7653 ; https://t.me/kyivoda/58978 ; https://t.me/tkachenkotymur/2972 ; https://t.me/dsns_telegram/75918 ; https://suspilne dot media/poltava/1413274-ataka-bpla-na-poltavsinu-u-mirgorodskomu-rajoni-evlucanna/ ; https://t.me/odeskaODA/20947 ; https://t.me/odeskaODA/20960 ; https://t.me/odeskaODA/20964 ; https://t.me/zoda_gov_ua/67940 ; https://t.me/zoda_gov_ua/67938 ; https://t.me/zhytomyrskaODA/18561 [62] https://t.me/V_Zelenskiy_official/21097 ; https://x.com/ZelenskyyUa/status/2104120829826981973 ; https://x.com/ZelenskyyUa/status/2104120826345758874 [63] https://suspilne dot media/1413468-budanov-ukraini-brakue-dostupu-do-starlink-dla-protidii-rosijskim-raketnim-kompleksam/ ; https://t.me/Kyrylo_Budanov_Official/875 ; https://suspilne dot media/1413468-budanov-ukraini-brakue-dostupu-do-starlink-dla-protidii-rosijskim-raketnim-kompleksam/ [64] https://www.facebook.com/pegasusarms/posts/pfbid024d69KFB3jL58jQyYQZqtLvDjNKNX575E1kKD3ut81HXiVQiU92CRfeXmJT8zdcFFl; https://t.me/bazabazon/49458 https://t.me/astrapress/126494 [65] https://www.facebook.com/reel/1068483676083328/? cft [0]=AZjmEWSoQpRTQUFiMoS6ZiC98nf9w1iQzobnET3aoim7up-2KeVm8b06ETL5cgH-Eia133TKA1rlL-Fhm_oyJY6OfLkjF2LtgtM5ZGKFSnstTWZTDgeCNO8rk1Sx7_vA1kAOHR9OoDR5WcofQtf-pZLMMG4sfPA_3FYUyqdNBG1AoX4ID6NfqpE-mAn9dj2QU5qsZdk-& tn =%2CO%2CP-R ; https://t.me/serhii_flash/7774
一位与克里姆林宫关系密切的知名军事博主正在拥护俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京的新胜利理论,该理论依赖于对乌克兰发动大规模远程弹道导弹和喷气式无人机联合打击,以迫使乌克兰在2026-2027年冬季投降。[1] 这位军事博主承认前线处于“静止”状态——这实际上承认了俄罗斯近几个月来几乎没有取得任何战场净进展——并呼吁俄罗斯在资源充足的情况下加强并加快对乌克兰的打击行动。这位军事博主警告说,不要想当然地认为俄罗斯可以无限期地维持打击,并逐步加大对乌克兰的压力。乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基在9月26日表示,俄罗斯计划斥资120亿美元用于生产喷气式无人机和巡飞弹。[2]普京可能正在重新评估他之前的胜利理论,该理论依赖于俄罗斯军队可以无限期地继续推进,直到实现其目标或乌克兰投降的假设,转而依靠俄罗斯的远程打击行动,因为乌克兰在 2026 年取得了战场上的胜利。[3]
普京修正后的胜利理论严重依赖于俄罗斯大规模、高穿透率地发射廉价喷气式“格朗”无人机的能力——而这正是乌克兰拦截器计划旨在攻击的目标。一位与克里姆林宫关系密切的俄罗斯知名军事博主于9月27日声称,俄军在9月26日至27日夜间对敖德萨、尼古拉耶夫和基辅三座城市发动了以喷气式“格朗-5”无人机为主的袭击,并指出俄罗斯多样化的打击武器库和乌克兰防空力量的不足使得俄军能够维持目前的打击频率并扩大打击目标类型。[4] 该军事博主表示,俄罗斯目前的打击战略给乌克兰造成了巨大的经济损失,但他警告说,如果长期持续下去,打击行动的成本可能会超过其直接效果。[5] 俄军于2026年4月下旬开始加大喷气式无人机的使用力度。[6]泽连斯基9月26日表示,乌克兰对俄罗斯“沙赫德”(Shahed)喷气式无人机的拦截率已达55%,截至目前,乌克兰防空部队已拦截了俄罗斯自2026年9月以来发射的2730架“沙赫德”无人机中的1500多架。[7] 乌克兰总统办公厅主任基里洛·布达诺夫9月27日表示,乌克兰正在实战条件下测试拦截无人机原型,并可能在几个月内开始大规模使用能够击落“格朗”(Geran)喷气式无人机的拦截无人机。[8] 乌克兰公司已经成功对几款能够拦截俄罗斯喷气式无人机的拦截无人机进行了实地测试。[9] 目前尚不清楚乌克兰的拦截无人机项目能否及时扩大规模并取得成功,从而在冬季期间有效干扰俄罗斯日益激烈的军事行动。
普京可能并不认为俄罗斯对乌克兰的远程打击行动会无限期地持续下去,他很可能试图在2027年春季之前迫使乌克兰投降。一位军事博主在9月27日指出,俄罗斯严重依赖远程打击的战略成本高昂,不可能无限期地持续下去,尤其是在乌克兰军队也在升级对俄打击的情况下。[10] 俄罗斯目前的打击行动依赖于乌克兰无法拦截俄罗斯喷气式无人机,以及乌克兰缺乏“爱国者”导弹拦截系统来防御2026-2027年冬季的弹道导弹,并且假定乌克兰的能源和其他关键基础设施在未来几个月内无法承受俄罗斯的打击。普京在9月25日表示,乌克兰“必须感受到”俄罗斯的“报复性”打击,这表明他打算将行动升级到冬季,就像他过去几个冬季所做的那样。[11]如果普京预期乌克兰会在今年冬天崩溃投降,那么他可能没有考虑到俄罗斯打击行动的长期代价。在普京的新理论付诸实施之前,他不太可能在要求上做出妥协或进行认真的停火谈判。[12]
一位与克里姆林宫关系密切的知名军事博主也于9月27日声称,从经济、军事和社会角度来看,扩充俄罗斯的打击力量比进行第二次动员更划算。[13] 尽管克里姆林宫否认,但普京的官员一直在为大规模强制动员设定条件,普京可能会推迟下令进行强制动员,直到他看到远程打击行动是否足以实现其目标。[14] 然而,由于前线俄罗斯损失惨重,对补充兵力的需求可能会促使他在今年秋季下令进行这样的动员,正如乌克兰和其他消息来源经常报道的那样,他一直在为此做准备。[15]
俄罗斯军队似乎正在积极干预乌克兰向被占领的赫尔松州奥列什基镇(位于赫尔松市东南,第聂伯河左岸)居民提供食物的努力,这有可能延长并加剧本已严峻的人道主义危机。乌克兰外交部长安德烈·西比哈于9月25日报告称,由于俄罗斯的疏忽和拒绝履行其在国际人道主义法下的义务,被占领的赫尔松州奥列什基镇的居民没有食物,只能吃草和野菜。[16] 俄罗斯占领当局于2025年12月底停止向被占领的奥列什基镇运送食物和物资,并于2026年春季撤离奥列什基镇,实际上从这场人道主义危机中脱身。[17]乌克兰赫尔松州军事管理局局长奥列克桑德·普罗库金于9月26日报告称,自2026年3月以来,乌克兰军队一直在向被占领的奥列什基地区运送食品,并于近期开展了一项无人机行动,向奥列什基的100个指定地点空投了4000公斤食品。[18] 普罗库金指出,俄罗斯军队故意击落运送这些物资的无人机,以阻止居民获得食品,或使俄罗斯士兵能够将食品据为己有。俄罗斯长期以来的管理不善、蓄意破坏人道主义援助和撤离行动,以及否认其在国际法下的责任,导致了旷日持久且日益严峻的人道主义危机。[19] 克里姆林宫迄今为止对与乌克兰或其他国际机构合作,在奥列什基地区建立局部人道主义停火以解决危机毫无兴趣,现在似乎还在积极阻挠乌克兰向当地居民提供食品的努力。[20]俄罗斯继续表明,它与被占领的乌克兰之间的关系是掠夺性的、残酷的、自私的,因为俄罗斯的战争限制了消费者的物流路线,限制了被占领的乌克兰人可获得的商品和服务。[21]
9月26日至27日夜间,一架疑似俄罗斯无人机的不明飞行物进入罗马尼亚领空。俄罗斯持续推进其侵犯欧洲领空的行为。罗马尼亚国防部于9月27日报告称,9月26日晚,罗马尼亚雷达系统在罗马尼亚与乌克兰接壤的河口地区基利亚韦凯附近探测到一架不明飞行物。[22] 罗马尼亚国防部报告称,该无人机在基利亚韦凯附近进入罗马尼亚领空,并沿多瑙河三角洲基利亚支流平行飞行,之后在帕尔迪纳附近失去信号。两架西班牙F-18战斗机和一架罗马尼亚IAR-330 SOCAT直升机紧急升空监视该飞行物。罗马尼亚当局尚未公开将此次入侵事件归咎于俄罗斯,但该事件很可能是克里姆林宫持续推进其侵犯欧洲领空行为正常化努力的一部分。[23]
欧洲安全官员继续调查针对欧洲国防和后勤基础设施的破坏事件,其中一些已被归咎于俄罗斯。德国《法兰克福汇报》(FAZ)9月25日报道称,其从德国安全官员处获得消息,德国调查人员怀疑俄罗斯总参谋部情报总局(格鲁乌)于9月3日使用燃烧装置袭击了位于德国慕尼黑的罗德与施瓦茨(Rohde & Schwarz)和赫尔辛(Helsing)两家科技和国防公司的总部。[24] 《法兰克福汇报》报道称,赫尔辛公司为乌克兰军方提供物资,格鲁乌小组在斯洛伐克活动,并且当局最近挫败了一起疑似格鲁乌在斯洛伐克实施的破坏企图。据报道,德国安全部门还评估认为,格鲁乌所谓的破坏行动负责人丹尼斯·斯莫利亚尼诺夫(Denis Smolyaninov)很可能应对8月5日发生在莱比锡机场的袭击事件负责,德国当局已公开将该事件归咎于俄罗斯。[25]德国安全部门消息人士透露,格鲁乌(GRU)正在欧洲部署专家团队进行破坏袭击,并根据具体任务组建团队。消息人士还称,格鲁乌进一步发展了其臭名昭著的29155部队,使其更加专业化,并成立了特别任务部来监督行动。
丹麦南西兰和洛兰-法尔斯特警察局长金·斯科夫于9月26日表示,丹麦警方正在调查洛兰-法尔斯特机场一架飞机机翼遭纵火未遂事件,但尚未将该事件与俄罗斯联系起来。[26] 德国和丹麦的事件都属于俄罗斯破坏欧洲国防和后勤基础设施的更广泛模式,目的是阻止欧洲向乌克兰提供援助的意愿和能力。[27]
一位与克里姆林宫关系密切的知名军事博主正在拥抱俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京的新胜利理论,该理论依靠对乌克兰进行大规模远程弹道导弹和喷气式无人机联合打击,迫使乌克兰在 2026-2027 年冬季投降。
普京修改后的胜利理论严重依赖于俄罗斯大规模、高渗透率地发射廉价喷气式动力“格朗”型无人机的能力——而这正是乌克兰拦截器计划旨在攻击的目标。
普京可能并不认为俄罗斯对乌克兰的远程打击行动会无限期地持续下去,他很可能试图迫使乌克兰在 2027 年春季之前投降。
俄罗斯军队似乎正在积极干预乌克兰向被占领的赫尔松州奥列什基(位于赫尔松市东南,第聂伯河左岸)居民提供食物的努力,这有可能延长和加剧本已严峻的人道主义危机。
9月26日至27日夜间,一架身份不明的空中物体(很可能是俄罗斯无人机)进入罗马尼亚领空,俄罗斯继续将其侵犯欧洲领空的行为正常化。
欧洲安全官员继续调查针对欧洲国防和后勤基础设施的破坏事件,其中一些已被归咎于俄罗斯。
乌克兰对俄罗斯石油基础设施的袭击持续削弱俄罗斯的石油加工能力。俄罗斯连夜向乌克兰发射了170架无人机。
乌克兰军队最近在恰西夫亚尔战术区和奥列克桑德里夫卡方向取得了进展。
我们不会详细报道俄罗斯的战争罪行,因为西方媒体已对此进行充分报道,而且这些罪行不会直接影响我们正在评估和预测的军事行动。我们将继续评估并报道这些犯罪活动对乌克兰军队和乌克兰民众的影响,特别是对乌克兰城市地区战斗的影响。我们强烈谴责俄罗斯违反武装冲突法和日内瓦公约的行为以及反人类罪行,尽管我们并未在这些报告中详细描述这些罪行。
乌克兰在俄罗斯联邦的行动
一个开源渠道提供了关于近期乌克兰空袭在罗斯托夫州造成的战场破坏评估(BDA)的最新信息。9月27日,一个乌克兰开源情报(OSINT)来源发布了卫星图像,显示位于罗斯托夫州亚速市(距前线约200公里)的亚速光学机械厂的多栋建筑在9月25日或9月25日至26日夜间遭到乌克兰空袭后受损。[28] 该开源情报来源称,图像显示乌克兰空袭至少破坏了六栋建筑中的五个生产车间,包括铸造车间、光学元件生产车间、组装车间、电镀车间和机械加工车间。
乌克兰对俄罗斯石油基础设施的袭击持续限制着俄罗斯的石油加工能力。乌克兰反虚假信息中心负责人安德烈·科瓦连科中尉于9月26日报告称,乌克兰最近对彼尔姆和新沙赫京斯克炼油厂的袭击(可能指的是9月25日和26日的袭击)导致这两家炼油厂停止运营。[29]
俄罗斯的支持行动:北方轴心
俄军在苏梅州北部推进。根据 8 月 19 日发布的地理定位视频,俄军在苏梅市东南部的诺沃德米特里夫卡东部推进。[30]
俄罗斯的支持行动:哈尔科夫州
9月26日至27日,俄军继续在哈尔科夫州北部发动进攻,但未取得确切进展。[31] 俄罗斯国防部于9月27日宣称,俄军占领了赫里普尼(位于哈尔科夫市东北部)。[32] 俄罗斯北方集团军则将赫里普尼的占领归功于俄军第126摩托化步兵团(隶属于列宁格勒军区第14军近卫第71摩托化步兵师)的部分兵力。[33]
俄罗斯国防部持续发布虚假证据,以宣称取得进展。9月26日,俄罗斯国防部公布了一段视频,声称俄军占领了彼得罗巴甫洛夫卡(位于哈尔科夫市东北部,沃夫昌斯克南部)和洛佐瓦(位于彼得罗巴甫洛夫卡东部,大布尔鲁克西北部)。[34] 此前,俄罗斯国防部曾在9月21日公布过同样的视频,声称俄军占领了新列克桑德里夫卡(位于彼得罗巴甫洛夫卡东部,洛佐瓦西南部)。[35]
乌克兰军队继续对俄罗斯边境地区的俄罗斯军事目标进行前线打击。据9月27日公布的地理定位视频显示,乌克兰军队袭击了位于别尔哥罗德州新塔沃尔詹卡(距前线约6公里)的俄罗斯第128摩托化步兵旅(第44装甲师,轻型机动部队)的后勤中心、弹药库和无人机操作员哨所。[36]
9月27日,俄罗斯和乌克兰方面均未报告大布尔鲁克方向有地面活动。
俄罗斯的支持行动:奥斯基尔河
乌克兰军队近期在库皮扬斯克东南部推进或维持了阵地。根据9月25日公布的地理定位视频显示,俄军炮击了位于赫卢什基夫卡和新奥西诺夫(均在库皮扬斯克东南部)以东的乌克兰阵地——此前俄罗斯方面声称俄军在这些地区驻扎。[37] 9月27日,俄罗斯西部军区的消息来源称,大量乌克兰无人机正在阻碍俄军在库皮扬斯克方向的进攻行动和后勤保障。[38]
9月27日,俄军继续在博罗瓦方向进行有限的进攻行动,但并未取得进展。[39]
乌克兰军队继续对被占领的卢甘斯克州的俄罗斯军事目标进行中程打击。乌克兰总参谋部9月27日报告称,乌克兰军队于9月26日或9月26日至27日夜间袭击了克里彭斯基和卢甘斯克市(均距前线约105公里)的俄罗斯弹药库以及罗文基(距前线约125公里)的燃料和润滑油库。[40]
俄罗斯主要行动:夺取乌克兰要塞带并完成对顿涅茨克州的占领
俄军下属主要行动一:从西北方向包围要塞带
在莱曼战术行动中,乌克兰军队继续反击,而俄军则继续努力阻止乌克兰军队的推进,并试图在热列别茨河对岸进行战斗撤退。[41] 据俄罗斯西部部队集团军的消息来源称,俄军正努力在热列别茨河对岸进行战斗撤退,同时试图守住河西岸(右岸)的阵地。[42] 该消息来源称,俄军在伊万尼夫卡和扎里奇内(均位于莱曼东北部)附近占据着孤立的阵地。
俄军第二主力行动——从东面进攻要塞带
乌克兰军队近期在斯拉维扬斯克东部和东南部推进或维持了阵地。根据9月26日公布的地理定位视频,俄罗斯军队袭击了尤尔基夫卡(斯拉维扬斯克东南部)南部和东部的乌克兰阵地,这些地区此前曾是俄罗斯军队进行渗透行动的区域。[43] 根据9月26日公布的地理定位视频,俄罗斯军队还袭击了尼古拉耶夫卡(斯拉维扬斯克东部)东部的乌克兰阵地,这些地区此前俄罗斯方面声称俄罗斯军队曾驻扎。[44]
乌克兰军队近期在恰西夫亚尔西南部取得进展,与此同时,俄罗斯军队在该地区进行了渗透行动。根据9月24日公布的地理定位视频,俄罗斯军队袭击了恰西夫亚尔西南部的一个乌克兰阵地,表明乌克兰军队近期在该地区取得了进展。[45] 9月24日公布的地理定位视频还显示,俄罗斯军队袭击了维罗柳比夫卡中部(恰西夫亚尔西北部)的一个乌克兰阵地,此前俄罗斯方面声称俄军在该地区设有阵地。[46] 乌克兰军队在维罗柳比夫卡和恰西夫亚尔的存在表明,俄罗斯军队并未在波多尔斯克和尼古拉耶夫卡(均位于恰西夫亚尔以西,维罗柳比夫卡东南部)设有阵地。根据 9 月 26 日发布的地理定位视频显示,乌克兰军队袭击了位于尼古拉耶夫卡西部和恰西夫亚尔之间的俄罗斯阵地,此前 ISW 评估认为这是一次微弱的俄罗斯渗透行动。[47]
俄军下属主要行动#3——从南部向要塞带推进
俄罗斯军队最近在科斯蒂安蒂尼夫卡东部进行了一次渗透行动。根据9月27日发布的地理定位视频,乌克兰军队在科斯蒂安蒂尼夫卡东部清除了一栋被俄罗斯占领的建筑物,而ISW评估认为这是一次俄罗斯渗透行动。[48]
俄军下属主要行动#4——从西南方向包围要塞带
据报道,乌克兰军队可能在多布罗皮利亚以南地区开展了一次有限的清剿行动,与此同时,俄罗斯军队继续在多布罗皮利亚战术区域进行渗透活动。乌克兰海军于9月26日报告称,乌克兰海军陆战队在一段未指明的时间内,从波克罗夫斯克(多布罗皮利亚以南)方向约5平方公里的土地上清除了俄罗斯渗透人员。[49] 根据9月27日公布的地理定位视频,俄罗斯军队可能已沿T-0515公路渗透至比利茨克(多布罗皮利亚东南)以北地区。[50]
乌克兰军队在中程打击行动中继续以被占领的顿涅茨克州境内的俄罗斯远程无人机和后勤基础设施为目标。乌克兰总参谋部9月27日报告称,乌克兰军队于9月26日或9月26日至27日夜间袭击了位于被占领的顿涅茨克市(距前线约45公里)的俄罗斯攻击无人机储存、准备和发射基地,以及位于被占领的新安布罗西耶夫斯克(距前线约92公里)的燃料和润滑油仓库。[51]
俄罗斯支援行动:进军第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克州
9月26日和27日,俄军继续在诺沃巴甫利夫卡方向进行有限的进攻行动,但没有取得进展。[52]
乌克兰军队近期向奥列克桑德里夫卡以东推进。俄罗斯军事博客作者于9月26日承认,乌克兰军队解放了佩列布多瓦(位于奥列克桑德里夫卡以东),并进入了科马尔(位于奥列克桑德里夫卡以东),正在与俄罗斯争夺对该定居点的控制权。[53] 俄罗斯军事博客作者声称,乌克兰军队正试图突破第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克州前线的多个区域,而俄罗斯军队在皮杜布内-米尔内-科马尔一线(位于奥列克桑德里夫卡以东)的推进最为困难。[54]
乌克兰军队近日在奥列克桑德里夫卡方向对俄军后方的军事目标发动了袭击。乌克兰无人机部队于9月27日报告称,乌克兰军队在奥列克桑德里夫卡方向距离前线65公里处,击毁了三辆隐藏的俄军坦克。[55] 该部队指出,俄军将坦克埋入地下并建造掩体以保护坦克,但乌克兰军队成功识别并摧毁了这些目标。
俄罗斯的支持行动:南方轴心
9月26日和27日,俄军继续在胡利亚伊波列方向和扎波罗热州西部发动进攻,但没有取得进展。[56]
俄罗斯军队继续袭击扎波罗热市的民用基础设施。根据9月26日发布的地理定位视频显示,俄罗斯军队袭击了扎波罗热市东部的一家医院。[57]
9月27日,俄罗斯和乌克兰军队均未报告在赫尔松方向发生地面行动。
俄罗斯军队继续使用“人肉狩猎”战术,蓄意在赫尔松市猎杀平民。根据9月26日和27日公布的地理定位视频显示,俄罗斯军队使用无人机投放的弹药袭击了赫尔松市南部的一名妇女和另外两名平民。[58]
有关被占领的奥列什基局势的报道,请参阅正文摘要。
俄罗斯空袭、导弹和无人机行动
注:自 8 月 11 日起,乌克兰军方停止定期报告俄罗斯发射的导弹数量和拦截的导弹数量。[59]
请参阅正文,了解俄罗斯在其远程打击行动中使用喷气式“沙赫德”无人机的情况。
9月26日至27日夜间,俄罗斯军队对乌克兰发动了一系列无人机袭击。乌克兰空军报告称,俄罗斯军队从奥廖尔和库尔斯克市、克拉斯诺达尔边疆区滨海-阿赫塔尔斯克、斯摩棱斯克州沙塔洛沃、被占领的顿涅茨克市以及被占领的克里米亚赫瓦尔季斯克方向,发射了170架“沙赫德”(其中76架为喷气式)和“格贝拉”型攻击无人机以及“帕罗迪亚”型诱饵无人机。[60] 乌克兰空军报告称,乌克兰军队击落了147架无人机,另有数量不详的无人机袭击了18个地点,还有8个地点落有无人机碎片。乌克兰官员报告称,俄罗斯军队袭击了敖德萨州、哈尔科夫州、苏梅州、尼古拉耶夫州、波尔塔瓦州、日托米尔州、扎波罗热州和基辅州的后勤、民用、关键、工业、能源和医疗基础设施。[61]
乌克兰总统泽连斯基于9月27日报告称,俄罗斯军队在过去一周(自9月20日左右起)向乌克兰发射了2200多架远程攻击无人机、1650枚滑翔炸弹和38枚导弹(其中大部分是弹道导弹)。[62] 乌克兰总统办公厅主任基里洛·布达诺夫表示,由于目前全球爱国者拦截导弹短缺,乌克兰有意扩大星链和星盾的覆盖范围,以增强其反弹道导弹能力。[63]
俄罗斯军队正使用弹道导弹袭击乌克兰无人机制造商。乌克兰无人机制造商“飞马武器”(Pegasus ARMS)于9月26日报告称,俄罗斯在9月23日至24日夜间的弹道导弹袭击严重破坏了其无人机生产车间,迫使“飞马武器”无限期停产。[64] “飞马武器”指出,俄罗斯在9月2日的袭击也破坏了其此前使用的车间,同样迫使该公司停产并迁至新的生产地点。
乌克兰总统国防技术顾问谢尔盖·“闪电”·别斯克列斯特诺夫9月27日警告称,俄罗斯的喷气式“沙赫德”无人机有时会在攻击目标前关闭引擎并滑翔。[65] 别斯克列斯特诺夫指出,目前尚不清楚这种滑翔是蓄意的攻击战术,还是无人机出现技术故障所致。
白俄罗斯的重大活动
没有什么重大事项需要报告。
注:ISW 不接收任何来源的机密材料,仅使用公开信息,并广泛参考俄罗斯、乌克兰和西方媒体的报道和社交媒体,以及市售卫星图像和其他地理空间数据作为报告的基础。所有参考资料均列于每份更新报告的尾注中。
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