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Turkiye, Pakistan agree Saudi Arabia military deployment under Mecca pact

The three countries agree to trigger collective deterrence measures in response to ‘heinous attacks’ by Yemen’s Houthis.

Al Jazeera2026-10-05 18:32查看原文 ↗

Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan (left), Pakistan's Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar (centre) and Saudi Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud (right) [Mustafa Hatipoglu/Anadolu]

The Mecca Alliance says it has agreed to trigger collective deterrence measures in response to “heinous attacks” by Yemen’s Houthi group against Saudi Arabia.

In a statement on Monday, the Pakistani Foreign Ministry said Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Turkiye had decided to “provide the agreed military forces and capabilities and ensure their rapid deployment” to the kingdom.

Saudi Arabia’s Defence Minister, Khalid bin Salman, said the member countries agreed to trigger the deployment in response “to the attacks and all those responsible for them”.

The announcement comes as the Saudi-backed Yemeni government has launched a counteroffensive to push the Iran-aligned Houthis back from territory captured last month.

The agreement was reached during an emergency meeting of the Strategic Political and Defence Committee under the three countries’ Mecca Alliance in Riyadh.

The mutual defence pact was signed in August, shortly before the Houthis launched their offensive in Yemen, which has included attacks against Saudi targets. Questions as to whether Islamabad and Ankara would agree to trigger the agreement have persisted since.

However, with hostilities increasing in Yemen, the committee agreed to “move immediately” to implement the collective defence measures to “ensure their rapid deployment in the Kingdom,” the joint statement reads.

The defence commitments will be executed under “approved arrangements” and the laws of the three countries, the statement added.

Turkish President Erdogan, Saudi Crown Prince MBS and Pakistani Prime Minister Sharif after signing a defence agreement, August 7, 2026 [Saudi Press Agency/AP]

The Mecca Defence Alliance emerged as a response to intensifying regional conflicts, including the war by the United States and Israel on Iran.

The agreement to form the new alliance was signed by the three countries on August 7. It declares that an attack on any one of the three states will be treated as an attack on all – mirroring a key NATO stipulation.

While steps to institutionalise the Mecca Alliance followed, the agreement did not initially give details on the military ‌‌or ‌‌defence obligations of each country.

Following a barrage of missiles launched by the Houthis toward Saudi Arabia in early September, Pakistan’s Defence Minister Khawaja Asif said any attack on the kingdom could trigger the agreement.

“If there is unprovoked aggression, or a spillover of whatever is happening in Yemen into Saudi Arabia, definitely the Mecca agreement will become operational,” he told the Pakistani media outlet Geo News.

However, no action has been taken until now, with analysts noting that Pakistan and Turkiye remain keen to continue acting as mediators of the US-Iran conflict.

The three members of the alliance combined have nearly 1.4 million active troops, about 3,400 military aircraft, 6,000 tanks and more than 340 naval assets, according to the 2026 Global Firepower Index.

土耳其外交部长哈坎·菲丹（左）、巴基斯坦副总理兼外交部长伊沙克·达尔（中）和沙特阿拉伯外交大臣费萨尔·本·法尔汉·阿勒沙特（右）[穆斯塔法·哈提波格鲁/阿纳多卢通讯社]

麦加联盟表示，已同意启动集体威慑措施，以回应也门胡塞武装对沙特阿拉伯的“令人发指的袭击”。

巴基斯坦外交部周一发表声明称，沙特阿拉伯、巴基斯坦和土耳其已决定“向沙特王国提供商定的军事力量和能力，并确保其迅速部署”。

沙特阿拉伯国防大臣哈立德·本·萨勒曼表示，成员国同意启动部署，以回应“袭击事件及其所有责任人”。

就在沙特阿拉伯支持的也门政府发起反攻，试图将伊朗支持的胡塞武装从上个月占领的领土上赶回去之际，这一消息传来。

该协议是在利雅得举行的三国麦加联盟战略政治和国防委员会紧急会议上达成的。

共同防御条约于8月签署，不久之后胡塞武装便在也门发动攻势，其中包括对沙特目标的袭击。此后，伊斯兰堡和安卡拉是否会同意启动该条约一直存在疑问。

然而，随着也门敌对行动的加剧，委员会同意“立即采取行动”实施集体防御措施，“以确保这些措施在沙特王国迅速部署”，联合声明中写道。

声明还补充说，国防承诺将在“已批准的安排”和三国法律的框架下执行。

2026年8月7日，土耳其总统埃尔多安、沙特王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼和巴基斯坦总理谢里夫签署防务协议后合影。[沙特通讯社/美联社]

麦加防务联盟的出现是为了应对日益加剧的地区冲突，包括美国和以色列对伊朗的战争。

8月7日，三国签署了组建新联盟的协议。协议声明，对三国中任何一个国家的攻击都将被视为对三国的攻击——这与北约的一项关键规定相呼应。