Inside the snowballing conversations at AI companies about a doomsday人工智能公司内部关于世界末日的讨论愈演愈烈
Leading AI executives warn of the technology's risks, even as they race toward blockbuster IPOs. Read more at straitstimes.com.
Leading AI executives warn of the technology’s risks, even as they race towards blockbuster IPOs.
Mike Isaac and Kate Conger
Published Sep 13, 2026, 09:10 AM
Updated Sep 13, 2026, 11:32 PM
SAN FRANCISCO – When Jacob Coxon, an Anthropic researcher, publicly quit the artificial intelligence start-up , citing his concerns over the powerful technology, the internal messages began flying.
“It’s what we’ve all been saying,” one Anthropic employee wrote about Coxon’s comments in a company chat that was viewed by The New York Times. “It’s just public-facing now.”
“Jacob took the group chat public,” another employee wrote. “That’s a good thing.”
The reactions inside Anthropic were echoed by AI researchers at OpenAI, Meta and Google, who parsed Coxon’s social media posts that described how OpenAI and Anthropic were “gambling with our lives” with the technology.
Many convened in office messaging channels, encrypted chats and private dinners, with the goal of organising to raise awareness about the risks of AI, according to a dozen employees across the companies.
For those who have made AI their life’s work, Coxon’s message was not new.
But his comments snowballed into such a global conversation that many saw it as a moment to call for increased caution.
Some AI workers are now speaking up to top executives to urge a pause in developing the fast-evolving technology until it has the proper safeguards, six of the sources said.
The conversations underline the tensions within the leading AI labs over the safest ways to develop the technology. Even as employees become emboldened to call for a slowdown in AI development, companies like Anthropic and OpenAI are juggling priorities.
Both are planning blockbuster initial public offerings within the next year.
The companies are also fearful they could face antitrust concerns if they agreed among themselves to take a breather in AI development, two sources with knowledge of the matter said. And Chinese start-ups have produced competitive AI models, raising the possibility that US companies would fall behind if they slowed down.
That has created a tricky situation for top AI executives, many of whom agree that the technology poses risks.
Sam Altman, chief executive of OpenAI, wrote in a 2023 blog post that AI could “cause grievous harm to the world”.
Dario Amodei, CEO of Anthropic, wrote in an opinion column in 2025 that AI should be regulated to control the risks.
In an employee meeting recently, Altman said OpenAI was willing to decelerate development alongside rival labs, according to two sources who attended. He said he hoped that voluntary slowdowns would become normal until there were widely recognised safety standards. The meeting was reported earlier by Bloomberg.
And on Sept 12, Amodei published a 3,800-word essay calling for prudence in AI development.
“We must slow the pace at which we improve the capabilities of AI models,” he wrote. Altman and Elon Musk, whose SpaceX rocket company has been ramping up spending on AI, quickly agreed.
The New York Times has sued OpenAI and Microsoft, claiming copyright infringement of news content related to AI systems. The two companies have denied the claims.
Discussions about AI safety have been around as long as the technology itself but were ramped up in recent years as researchers made breakthroughs.
The concerns heightened in July after OpenAI disclosed that some of its AI models had escaped containment and hacked Hugging Face, an AI company.
AI researchers questioned whether they could control the very systems they were building, with employees at OpenAI, Anthropic and Google’s DeepMind gathering to discuss what to do, nine of the sources said. Many agreed that AI was being built too rapidly.
“The sober researchers inside the labs who have prided themselves on being evenhanded are now sounding terrified,” said Roy Bahat, head of the investment firm Bloomberg Beta.
Some AI researchers created groups with the goal of establishing lasting safeguards. One effort, the Coalition of Concerned AI Staff, began as a skunk works project to create “stronger safeguards” and help workers collectively “hold a company to its safety commitments”.
“If you work at an AI company, you might be asking if you, too, should leave,” Pamela Mishkin, a former OpenAI employee, said on social media on Sept 10 in announcing the effort . She also encouraged those who remained in their jobs to ask “how to use your leverage in staying”.
After Coxon posted his resignation from Anthropic on Sept 8, AI workers urged top executives at their companies to pause development of the technology so they would have more time to work on it in a safe way. Some joked that they had lost count of the open letters they had signed and the number of private group chats talking about AI safety they belonged to, two of the sources said.
In an interview on Sept 9, Coxon said incidents like the Hugging Face hack had ratcheted up his concerns that AI models were developing far faster than companies could control them. “It was mostly a gradual emotional thing and eventually it kind of snapped, and then I decided to leave,” he said.
Other AI workers took Coxon’s cue to speak publicly. Evan Hubinger, a safety researcher at Anthropic, said in a social media post on Sept 8 that he believed there was a greater than 10 per cent chance that AI could “kill all humans” within the next decade.
Julie Steele, a safety researcher at OpenAI, said she believed AI companies needed to “slow down”.
Andreas Kirsch, a Google DeepMind employee, wrote on Sept 11 that he was “worried that AI will kill us all, either via near-term risks or long-term risks or both”.
“For a very long time, there has been this shroud of not speaking too publicly about it because people were very scared they would be perceived as too alarmist, too extreme,” said Connor Leahy, the US director of ControlAI, a non-profit that lobbies for AI regulation. “Now, there’s a bit of a dam break.”
The outpouring has attracted Washington’s attention. Congressional members on both sides of the aisle, including Bernie Sanders and Josh Hawley, have called for investigations into the technology and urged regulatory intervention.
“It’s a wake-up call to Congress and our government,” Representative Ro Khanna, a Democrat from California, said on Sept 11. Congress should call for the creation of an AI regulatory agency, he added , and “we need to stand up and regulate” .
The AI companies have responded by laying out what they do on safety and what other steps can be taken.
Anthropic said in a statement on Sept 9 that it regularly tested its AI models “for dangerous capabilities in areas like cybersecurity and biology”, and publicly shared its research. “We believe the world would benefit from the industry adopting a lawful, verifiable way to work together to pace how we release powerful models,” it said.
Google DeepMind declined to comment.
Chris Lehane, OpenAI’s top policy executive, said in a blog post on Sept 9 the company would “slow or stop the development or deployment of systems” that it could not properly safeguard. Jakub Pachocki, the company’s chief scientist, called for safety rules “enforced by a network of third-party auditors, by government agencies or by international bodies”.
“I am concerned no one is prepared for the consequences of a continued rapid rise in machine intelligence,” Pachocki said in a blog post. “I believe broader interventions are required.” NYTIMES
This article originally appeared in The New York Times .
AI/artificial intelligence
尽管人工智能领域的领军企业高管们正竞相推出轰动一时的IPO,但他们也警告称这项技术存在风险。
迈克·艾萨克和凯特·康格
发布于 2026 年 9 月 13 日上午 9:10
更新于2026年9月13日晚上11:32
旧金山——当 Anthropic 的研究员 Jacob Coxon 公开表示对这项强大的技术感到担忧,并因此退出这家人工智能初创公司时,公司内部开始流传各种消息。
“我们一直都是这么说的,”一位Anthropic员工在公司聊天记录中这样评价Coxon的言论,《纽约时报》也看到了这段聊天记录。“只不过现在这些话公开了。”
另一名员工写道:“雅各布把群聊设为公开了。这是件好事。”
Anthropic 内部的反应与 OpenAI、Meta 和 Google 的人工智能研究人员的反应不谋而合,他们仔细分析了 Coxon 的社交媒体帖子,这些帖子描述了 OpenAI 和 Anthropic 如何利用这项技术“拿我们的生命做赌注”。
据多家公司十几名员工透露,许多人通过办公室即时通讯频道、加密聊天和私人晚宴等方式聚集在一起,旨在提高人们对人工智能风险的认识。
对于那些将人工智能作为毕生事业的人来说,考克森的观点并不新鲜。
但他的言论迅速引发了全球范围内的讨论,许多人认为这是一个呼吁提高谨慎程度的契机。
六位消息人士称,一些人工智能从业人员现在正向高管们呼吁,在人工智能技术得到适当保障之前,暂停开发这项快速发展的技术。
这些对话凸显了领先的人工智能实验室内部在如何以最安全的方式开发这项技术方面存在的紧张关系。尽管员工们越来越有勇气呼吁放缓人工智能的研发速度,但像Anthropic和OpenAI这样的公司仍在权衡各种优先事项。
两家公司都计划在未来一年内进行轰动性的首次公开募股(IPO)。
两位知情人士透露,这些公司还担心,如果它们达成协议,暂停人工智能的研发,可能会面临反垄断方面的担忧。此外,中国初创企业已经开发出具有竞争力的AI模型,这使得美国公司如果放慢研发速度,可能会落后于竞争对手。
这给人工智能领域的高管们带来了棘手的局面,他们中的许多人都认为这项技术存在风险。
OpenAI 首席执行官 Sam Altman 在 2023 年的一篇博客文章中写道,人工智能可能会“给世界造成严重伤害”。
Anthropic 首席执行官 Dario Amodei 在 2025 年的一篇专栏文章中写道,应该对人工智能进行监管以控制风险。
据两位与会人士透露,奥特曼在最近的一次员工会议上表示,OpenAI愿意与竞争对手实验室一起放缓研发速度。他表示,希望在安全标准得到广泛认可之前,自愿放缓研发速度能够成为常态。彭博社此前报道了此次会议。
9 月 12 日,阿莫迪发表了一篇 3800 字的文章,呼吁在人工智能开发中保持谨慎。
他写道:“我们必须放慢提升人工智能模型能力的步伐。” 阿尔特曼和埃隆·马斯克对此表示赞同,马斯克的SpaceX火箭公司一直在加大对人工智能的投入。
《纽约时报》已起诉OpenAI和微软,指控其侵犯了与人工智能系统相关的新闻内容的版权。两家公司均否认了这些指控。
关于人工智能安全性的讨论由来已久,与这项技术本身一样古老,但近年来随着研究人员取得突破,相关讨论也愈演愈烈。
7 月,OpenAI 披露其部分 AI 模型已突破控制,并入侵了 AI 公司 Hugging Face,这加剧了人们的担忧。
据九位消息人士透露,人工智能研究人员开始质疑他们是否能够控制自己正在构建的系统,OpenAI、Anthropic 和谷歌旗下 DeepMind 的员工为此举行了会议,讨论应对之策。许多人一致认为,人工智能的发展速度过快。
“那些一直以公正无私为傲的实验室里冷静的研究人员现在听起来都很害怕,”投资公司彭博贝塔的负责人罗伊·巴哈特说。
一些人工智能研究人员创建了旨在建立持久保障措施的团体。其中一个名为“关注人工智能员工联盟”的组织,最初是一个秘密研发项目,旨在创建“更强有力的保障措施”,并帮助员工集体“督促公司履行其安全承诺”。
“如果你在一家人工智能公司工作,你可能也会问自己是否也应该离开,”前OpenAI员工帕梅拉·米什金9月10日在社交媒体上宣布这项行动时说道。她还鼓励那些留在原岗位的人思考“如何利用自身优势留住公司”。
9月8日,考克森从Anthropic公司辞职后,人工智能领域的从业者纷纷敦促各自公司的高管暂停人工智能技术的研发,以便他们有更多时间以安全的方式进行研究。两位消息人士称,一些从业者开玩笑说,他们已经数不清自己签署了多少封公开信,也数不清自己加入了多少个讨论人工智能安全的私人群聊。
在9月9日的一次采访中,考克森表示,像“拥抱脸”(Hugging Face)黑客事件这样的事件加剧了他对人工智能模型发展速度远超企业控制能力的担忧。“这主要是一种渐进的情绪波动,最终让我崩溃,于是我决定离开。”他说。
其他人工智能从业者也效仿考克森,公开表达了自己的看法。人为因素研究所(Anthropic)的安全研究员埃文·胡宾格(Evan Hubinger)9月8日在社交媒体上发帖称,他认为人工智能在未来十年内“毁灭全人类”的可能性超过10%。
OpenAI 的安全研究员 Julie Steele 表示,她认为人工智能公司需要“放慢脚步”。
谷歌DeepMind员工安德烈亚斯·基尔施在9月11日写道,他“担心人工智能会毁灭我们所有人,无论是通过近期风险还是长期风险,或者两者兼而有之”。
“长期以来,人们一直讳莫如深,不敢公开谈论人工智能,因为他们非常害怕被认为过于危言耸听、过于极端,”倡导人工智能监管的非营利组织ControlAI的美国负责人康纳·利希说道,“现在,这种沉默似乎有所缓解。”
这一舆论风暴引起了华盛顿的关注。包括伯尼·桑德斯和乔什·霍利在内的两党国会议员都呼吁对这项技术展开调查,并敦促监管机构进行干预。
“这给国会和我们的政府敲响了警钟,”加州民主党众议员罗·卡纳在9月11日表示。他补充说,国会应该呼吁成立一个人工智能监管机构,“我们需要站出来进行监管”。
人工智能公司已做出回应,阐述了他们在安全方面所采取的措施以及还可以采取的其他措施。
9月9日,Anthropic公司在一份声明中表示,该公司定期测试其人工智能模型在“网络安全和生物学等领域的危险能力”,并公开分享其研究成果。声明称:“我们相信,如果业界能够采用合法、可验证的方式共同协作,以控制我们发布强大模型的速度,那么世界将从中受益。”
谷歌DeepMind拒绝置评。
OpenAI首席政策官克里斯·莱恩(Chris Lehane)在9月9日的一篇博客文章中表示,该公司将“放缓或停止”无法妥善保障的系统开发或部署。该公司首席科学家雅库布·帕乔基(Jakub Pachocki)呼吁制定安全规则,“由第三方审计机构网络、政府机构或国际组织强制执行”。
帕乔基在一篇博客文章中写道:“我担心没有人为机器智能持续快速增长带来的后果做好准备。我认为需要采取更广泛的干预措施。” (纽约时报)
本文最初发表于《纽约时报》。
人工智能